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On August 24, the State Intellectual Property Office held a press conference to release the progress of the transformation and application of intellectual property rights. At the press conference, the application Promotion Department of the State Intellectual Property Office, the Department of Science and Technology and Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, the Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the regulatory Department of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission answered questions from reporters.

memoir.

Heng Fuguang, spokesman and deputy director of the State Intellectual Property Office

Friends from the media, good morning. Welcome to the regular press conference of the State Intellectual Property Office in August. Today, we will introduce to you the progress and results of our work on the transformation and application of intellectual property rights.

The transformation and application of intellectual property is of great significance to the steady and healthy development of the economy. However, it has many work points, long lines and wide areas, involves all categories and the whole chain of intellectual property, and is closely related to science and technology, industry, finance, finance, trade and other aspects. In order to better understand the progress and effectiveness of relevant work, we have invited Lei Xiaoyun, Director of the Department of Intellectual Property Promotion of the State Intellectual Property Office, Lei Zhaozi, Director of the Department of Science, Technology and Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ren Aiguang, Deputy Director of the Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Li Hanyang, Deputy Director of the Regulatory Department of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, to attend today's press conference. And answer your concerns. I'm Heng Fuguang, Spokesperson and Deputy Director General of the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO).

First of all, I would like to update you on the latest progress and achievements in the transformation and application of intellectual property rights.

The CPC Central Committee and The State Council attach great importance to the application of intellectual property rights.  In September last year, the CPC Central Committee and The State Council issued the Outline for Building a Strong Intellectual Property Country (2021-2035), which clearly proposed to "build an intellectual property market operation mechanism that encourages innovation and development". By 2025, the value of the intellectual property market will be further highlighted, and brand competitiveness will be significantly improved. And set up the proportion of patent-intensive industry added value to GDP, copyright industry added value to GDP, the total annual import and export of intellectual property royalties and other expected indicators. In October last year, The State Council issued the 14th Five-Year Plan for the Protection and Application of National Intellectual Property Rights, which also deployed "improving the effectiveness of the transfer and transformation of intellectual property rights and supporting the innovative development of the real economy" as a key task.

The State Intellectual Property Office and other departments resolutely implement the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, focus on promoting the realization of the value of intellectual property rights, cultivate a good intellectual property operation ecology, vigorously promote the transformation and application of intellectual property rights, help the stable and healthy economic development, and achieve Good results.

First, the circulation of intellectual property rights has been significantly enhanced, and the vitality of innovation has been released at a faster pace. In recent years, we have focused on building an intellectual property operation system, supporting the construction of 33 intellectual property operation platforms (centers) to provide support for the supply and demand connection and transaction flow of intellectual property. In 2021, the number of patent transfers and licenses in China reached 420,000, an increase of 15% year-on-year. Among them, green new energy and other "dual carbon" related industries patent transfer license is particularly active, the number of transfer permits growth is more than twice the national average, effectively promote the low-carbon transition development. The number of patent transfer licenses of universities and research institutes reached 27,000 times, an increase of 33.4%, of which 30% of patents belong to strategic emerging industries, becoming the "source of water" for high-value patent transformation. In 2021, the total import and export volume of the national intellectual property royalties reached 378.3 billion yuan, of which the growth rate of export volume reached 27.1%, exceeding the growth rate of import volume by 10.5 percentage points, showing a situation of "simultaneous growth of export and import, and export growth rate is better". It can be said that the efficient circulation of intellectual property rights has effectively promoted the orderly flow and optimal allocation of innovative resource elements, and accelerated the release of innovation vitality.

Second, intellectual property finance empowers market players and provides stronger financial protection. On the one hand, through intellectual property pledge financing, operating funds, securitization and other measures, we have brought "real money and silver" to market players and promoted the "six stability" and "six guarantees". In 2021, the amount of national patent and trademark pledge financing reached 309.8 billion yuan, maintaining a growth rate of more than 40% for two consecutive years. In the face of greater economic downward pressure in the first half of this year, the amount of national patent and trademark pledge financing still reached 162.65 billion yuan, an increase of 51.5%. Among them, the number of inclusive projects of less than 10 million yuan reached 7,345, an increase of 112% year-on-year, effectively alleviating the urgent needs of a number of small and medium-sized enterprises. Guided the establishment of 20 intellectual property operating funds to complete more than 150 project investment, a number of invested companies successfully listed on the science and technology board. The Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges successfully issued 65 pieces of intellectual property securitization products with an issuance scale of 15.8 billion yuan, further enriching intellectual property financing channels. On the other hand, through cooperation with large state-owned financial institutions, it has promoted the formation of intellectual property insurance business of 4 types of insurance and 16 products, covering intellectual property categories such as patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and provided 24.1 billion yuan of risk protection for more than 5,000 enterprises in 2021.

Third, the benefits of the application of intellectual property rights have accelerated, and their role in promoting high-quality economic development has become more prominent. In terms of helping the development of innovative economy, the added value of national patent-intensive industries in 2020 reached 12.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.8%, 3.1 percentage points higher than the current growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) in the same period, contributing 24.6% to GDP growth, and playing an obvious role in driving economic growth. In terms of helping the development of brand economy, the trademark brand strategy has been deeply implemented, and 2,100 trademark brand guidance stations have been promoted throughout the country to accelerate the realization of trademark brand value. According to a report released by the World Intellectual Property Organization, 408 of the world's leading 5,000 brands are in China, with a total value of 1.6 trillion US dollars, and the value of Chinese brands is increasingly widely recognized by the international community. In terms of boosting the development of the economy with special characteristics, the project to promote the application of geographical indications has been implemented for three consecutive years, and the linkage and guidance on the application of 160 geographical indications have been strengthened to develop and expand regional industries with special characteristics. Statistics show that in 2021, the total output value of related industries reached 562.5 billion yuan, an increase of 51 billion yuan over the previous year, the number of employees reached 14.73 million, and 1.17 million new jobs were created. The role of geographical indications in promoting the development of special economic characteristics and promoting rural revitalization is becoming more and more obvious.

The above is the relevant situation of the transformation and application of intellectual property rights in recent years. Now, I'd like to open the floor to questions. When you ask questions, please let me know your news organization first.

Xinhua News Agency reporter

Just now, the speaker mentioned that the Outline for building a strong intellectual property country lays out the task of building an operating mechanism for the intellectual property market that encourages innovation and development. I am concerned that the three mechanisms highlighted in the outline are the high-quality creation mechanism, the application mechanism and the market-oriented operation mechanism. What measures does the State Intellectual Property Office take to implement and improve these three mechanisms?

Lei Xiaoyun, Director of the Department of Intellectual Property Promotion, State Intellectual Property Office

Thank you for your question. Among these "three mechanisms", the creation mechanism is the source, highlighting the quality orientation; The operation mechanism is to serve and highlight the vitality of the market; The use of mechanism is the goal, the realization of outstanding value, the three complement each other, integrate and promote each other.

In recent years, the State Intellectual Property Office has thoroughly implemented the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and The State Council on accelerating the improvement of the socialist market economic system in the new era and building a more complete system and mechanism for the market-oriented allocation of factors, and has carried out a series of work focusing on improving the "three mechanisms" and actively giving play to the institutional role of IPR protection and encouraging innovation.

First of all, high-quality creation. First, we will strengthen policy guidance. In conjunction with relevant departments, we issued a series of policies for the high-quality development of intellectual property in universities, scientific research organizations, and central enterprises, thoroughly implemented the intellectual property strategy promotion project for small and medium-sized enterprises, and studied and formulated special policies for the intellectual property of "specialized and innovative" enterprises. Second, we will strengthen demonstration and guidance. The Ministry of Education jointly promoted the pilot demonstration of intellectual property rights in colleges and universities, encouraged the exploration of systems and mechanisms such as pre-application evaluation of patents and cultivation of high-value patents, and the number of valid invention patents held by 110 pilot demonstration colleges and universities accounted for 60.5% of the national colleges and universities. It has cultivated 5,729 national intellectual property advantage demonstration enterprises, accounting for 1.5% of the national industrial enterprises, and produced 37.4% of the national industrial added value and 56% of the effective invention patents. Third, we will improve service supply. Build a patent navigation service support system, promote a series of national standards for patent navigation, and support innovative entities to make better use of patent navigation tools and methods. To formulate and implement national standards for intellectual property management in enterprises, universities and scientific research organizations, lead the formulation of the first international standard for the integration of intellectual property and innovation management, and promote the improvement of intellectual property management and innovation capabilities of enterprises by standardized means.

Second, market operation. Together with the Ministry of Finance, we have successively carried out the construction of operation platforms, institutional cultivation, fund guidance and key city construction, which has led to the vigorous development of the national IP operation business. Promote the improvement of the intellectual property evaluation system, develop national standards to guide patent evaluation, continue to publish statistical data on patent license rates for filing contracts, and promote the formation of a price discovery mechanism for intellectual property transactions. The Ministry of Finance has further implemented the special plan for patent transformation, supported 16 provinces with outstanding results, and promoted the transformation and implementation of patented technologies from universities and institutions to small and medium-sized enterprises. According to statistics, in 2021, the number of patent transfer licenses of colleges and universities in 16 key provinces, the number of licenses transferred to small and medium-sized enterprises and the number of benefiting enterprises account for about 90% of the country, and the guiding role and implementation results are obvious.

Third, the use of high efficiency. The National Bureau of Statistics jointly established a statistical accounting and release mechanism for patent-intensive industries. Explore effective ways to promote the development of patent-intensive industries, support the construction of a national patent-intensive product filing and recognition pilot platform, and improve the support and contribution of patents to products and industries. According to the survey, in 2021, the industrialization rate of invention patents of national intellectual property advantage demonstration enterprises reached 61.3%, and the average net profit rate reached 7.7%. According to the data of the 23rd China Patent Award released last month, the average sales volume of 40 patent gold award projects reached 6.3 billion yuan and the average new profit reached 980 million yuan, which is nearly twice that of five years ago. thank you.

Reporter for Zhejiang Daily

Colleges and universities are an important part of China's innovation system and an important subject of intellectual property creation. Can you introduce the effectiveness of intellectual property work in colleges and universities in detail?

Lei Zhaozi, Director of the Department of Science, Technology and Information Technology of the Ministry of Education

Thank you for your question. The Ministry of Education has thoroughly implemented the spirit of the General Secretary Xi Jinping important speech and the major decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and The State Council, comprehensively improved the quality, efficiency, management level and service capacity of universities' patent creation, and promoted new progress in intellectual property work in universities. It is mainly reflected in four aspects.

First, the environment for intellectual property development has been continuously improved. In recent years, the Ministry of Education, together with the State Intellectual Property Office and the Ministry of Science and Technology, has formulated Several Opinions on Improving Patent Quality and Promoting Transformation and Application in Institutions of higher Learning and Several Opinions on Strengthening the Transfer and Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Institutions of higher Learning, promoting the revision and improvement of the intellectual property management system in institutions of higher learning, and strengthening the construction of the whole-process management system for intellectual property. In the overall plan and performance evaluation for the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, the application orientation of intellectual property rights has been strengthened, creating a good environment for high-quality creation and cost-effective transformation of intellectual property rights.

Second, the ability to specialize in intellectual property has been continuously enhanced. The Ministry of Education and the State Intellectual Property Office jointly identified 30 national model universities for intellectual property, 80 national pilot universities for intellectual property and three batches of national intellectual property Information service centers for universities and colleges, encouraged colleges and universities to put intellectual property work on the top of their agendas, established internal intellectual property coordination mechanisms, and strengthened the establishment of intellectual property management and operation agencies and professional staffing. It has effectively increased policy support, capital investment and condition guarantee, and effectively improved the professional ability of intellectual property institutions and personnel in universities.

Third, the training of intellectual property personnel was effectively strengthened. We will vigorously support universities in setting up intellectual property-related disciplines or majors, and strengthen the training of intellectual property personnel. At present, Peking University, Tongji University, Xiamen University and other universities have independently set up nearly 50 second-level disciplines or interdisciplinary disciplines related to intellectual property, and more than 100 universities have opened undergraduate programs of intellectual property, with more than 12,000 undergraduates, providing strong talent support for the development of China's intellectual property cause.

Fourth, the quantity and quality of patents have been improved. From 2012 to 2021, the number of patent applications in universities will increase from 106,000 to 367,000, an increase of 246.2 percent, the number of patent grants will increase from 69,000 to 308,000, an increase of 346.4 percent, and the grant rate will increase from 65.1 percent to 83.9 percent. The transfer and license of patent ownership in universities increased from 2,357 in 2012 to more than 15,000 in 2021, an increase of 5.5 times, and the amount of patent transfer increased from 820 million yuan in 2012 to 8.89 billion yuan in 2021, an increase of nearly ten times, not only achieving quantitative growth, but also achieving qualitative improvement. thank you.

Guangming Daily reporter

China is the world's largest manufacturing country, and the pace of transformation and upgrading has accelerated significantly. In recent years, what has the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology done to build intellectual property capacity in the manufacturing industry? With what results?

Ren Aiguang, deputy Director of Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Thank you for your question. Intellectual property is an important support to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing.  Over the past decade, from basic materials, basic hardware and software to major equipment and major projects, the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry has gradually increased, the construction of intellectual property capabilities in the manufacturing industry has reached a new level, and the number of high-value patents per 100 million yuan of revenue of enterprises in key areas of the manufacturing industry above designated size has increased from 0.62 in 2012 to 2.38 in 2020.

As an industry authority, we have taken multiple measures to continuously strengthen the role of intellectual property rights in the "escort" and "navigation" of the innovation and development of the manufacturing industry, and create a fair and orderly environment for innovation and entrepreneurship.

First, we will continue to strengthen the work system for intellectual property rights. Under the coordination and organization mechanism of the inter-ministerial Joint Conference on the implementation of the intellectual Property Strategy of The State Council, a collaborative work system for promoting intellectual property rights has been established, featuring inter-ministerial cooperation, interaction between ministries and provinces, and joint support from industries and professional institutions. In the past 10 years, we have formulated more than 70 manufacturing-related plans, all of which explicitly strengthen intellectual property work. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of China and the State Intellectual Property Office issued the "Action Plan for Intellectual Property Rights in the Manufacturing Industry", which deployed 14 specific tasks in terms of the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights in the manufacturing industry and the improvement of enterprises' intellectual property capabilities. For ten consecutive years, the Annual Intellectual Property Promotion Plan of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has been implemented, and a total of more than 300 research projects on promotion plans have been supported by various entities.

The second is to enhance the ability to create and apply intellectual property rights in the manufacturing industry. It has supported research on patent navigation and layout in key areas of manufacturing such as next-generation information technology, high-end equipment, new materials, and biomedicine, and analyzed the development trend of intellectual property in related fields. We will work with the State Intellectual Property Office to give full play to the role of the patent priority examination mechanism, and smooth the "green channel" for patent examination in key areas of manufacturing. We will strengthen the construction of intellectual property service platforms in key areas of manufacturing and institutions for the transfer and transformation of specialized scientific and technological achievements, and promote the conversion of patents and other achievements into real productive forces.

Third, we will improve the environment for IPR protection in industrial and information technology fields. Strengthen the capacity building of enterprises to protect trade secrets and prevent and control intellectual property risks, support public service platforms to provide practical training on intellectual property rights, and since 2019, steel, power battery and other industries have successfully responded to overseas intellectual property lawsuits. Participated in the national crackdown on intellectual property rights infringement and the production and sale of counterfeit and shoddy goods, actively carried out special actions such as "sword network" and "Winter Olympics network copyright protection", and during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the provincial and provincial telecommunications authorities dealt with 3,936 illegal websites.

In the next step, we will further implement the outline for building a strong intellectual property country, focus on scientific and technological self-reliance, focus on breakthroughs in key core technologies, promote the upgrading of the industrial base and modernization of the industrial chain, strengthen the layout of the intellectual property work system in the manufacturing industry, and help build a strong manufacturing country and a strong network country. thank you.

Reporter from The Paper

Financial services such as intellectual property pledge financing have brought "real money" to the development of innovative entities. Could you give us more details on the progress of intellectual property pledge financing in recent years?

Li Hanyang, deputy director of the regulatory Department of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission

Thank you for your question. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has attached great importance to the positive role of intellectual property pledge financing in supporting the development of innovative enterprises, alleviating the financing difficulties of private enterprises and small and micro enterprises, and has taken practical measures to support the expansion of intellectual property pledge financing.

First, government departments will introduce systems in a timely manner and strengthen policy support. In 2013, the former CBRC, together with the Intellectual Property Office and other departments, jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on the Intellectual Property Pledge Loan Business of Commercial Banks, which clearly proposed that intellectual property rights could be accepted as collateral for financing, and put forward specific requirements for commercial banks to carry out intellectual property pledge loan business, laying the foundation for the development of intellectual property pledge financing. In September 2019, the CBRC, the Intellectual Property Office and the Copyright Office implemented the deployment of The State Council, supported the expansion of intellectual property pledge financing, and jointly issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Work of Intellectual Property Pledge Financing. It is required to optimize the intellectual property pledge financing service system, strengthen the innovation of intellectual property pledge financing service, improve the risk management of intellectual property pledge financing, improve the guarantee of intellectual property pledge financing, and promote banks and insurance institutions to expand intellectual property pledge financing. Some branches of the Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission also combined with the characteristics of the local economy and industry, and jointly with relevant departments to introduce support policies for intellectual property pledge financing.

Second, financial institutions took multiple measures to promote business development. Under the promotion of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, some commercial banks have innovated and designed special products pledged by intellectual property rights according to the characteristics of intellectual property rights, provided financing support for innovative enterprises and small and micro enterprises with intellectual property rights, and expanded financing channels for enterprises. Some insurance companies and financing guarantee companies also cooperate with commercial banks to build risk sharing and risk compensation mechanisms, and create a good situation of commercial banks "daring to lend and willing to lend".

Third, the intellectual property pledge financing business has grown steadily. As of the end of June 2022, the balance of intellectual property loans pledged by financial institutions in the banking sector was 124.637 billion yuan. From the beginning of 2017 to the end of June 2022, the cumulative issuance of intellectual property pledge loans reached 372.364 billion yuan. The cumulative loan amount of intellectual property pledge financing business of banking financial institutions in the year was 58.724 billion yuan, an increase of 64.43%; The number of cumulative loans in that year was 5981, an increase of 60.91%.

In the next step, the CBRC will work with the Intellectual Property Office and other departments to earnestly implement the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and The State Council, continue to improve the policy system of intellectual property pledge financing, guide and encourage banking financial institutions to do a good job in intellectual property pledge loans, and better support the innovation and development of small and medium-sized technology enterprises. thank you.

Hong Kong Economic Herald reporter

The pilot work of patent open licensing has attracted much attention. How is the development of patent open licensing in China at present?

Lei Xiaoyun

Thank you for your question. After four rounds of amendments, the Patent Law and its implementing rules have established a series of basic systems related to the application of service inventions, the "one prize and two rewards", the adjustment of annual fee increases, the registration and filing of transfer licenses, and the encouragement of property rights incentives. Patent open license is a new system created in the fourth amendment. It is a simple and fast "one-to-many" license method, which helps to promote the docking of supply and demand, improve negotiation efficiency, and reduce institutional transaction costs, and has attracted wide attention from all parties. At present, the patent open licensing system is in the key window period of pilot promotion. The pilot work will prepare for the full implementation of the system in all aspects such as policies, mechanisms, platforms and projects, and strive to achieve multiple effects such as stimulating supply and demand, reserving projects, exploring experience and improving policies. In order to actively and steadily promote the pilot work of open licensing, the State Intellectual Property Office has adopted a series of measures.

First, define the pilot tasks. Issued the "Patent Open License Pilot Work Plan", requiring pilot provinces to carry out work with reference to the basic concept of the legal system, system design and related links, and implement various pilot tasks, including building a statement information release platform, promoting supply and demand docking, improving supporting services, formulating incentive measures, and strengthening regulation and supervision. The intention and conditions of the license are made clear in advance by the patentee and are publicly released by the provincial intellectual property administration department. At present, 190 colleges and universities across the country have participated in the pilot, and it is expected that more than 1,000 licenses will be reached by the end of this year.

Second, strengthen organizational leadership. The pilot work deployment meeting was held, requiring all localities to closely integrate the pilot with the implementation of the patent transformation special plan, organically connect with the intellectual property work of universities and enterprises, the key cities of the construction of intellectual property operation service system to make full use of the existing work foundation, the national intellectual property pilot demonstration universities and advantageous demonstration enterprises to actively cooperate and deeply participate in the pilot, and play a leading role in demonstration.

Third, encourage local exploration. We will encourage local governments to give full play to their enthusiasm and initiative, make bold explorations, and experiment first. At present, 17 provinces have issued implementation plans, organized and screened more than 4,000 patent pilot open licenses with marketable prospects, made full use of artificial intelligence and other technologies, and accurately matched and pushed to nearly 20,000 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. All localities in the pilot work, strengthen the linkage with relevant departments and industry associations, and introduce incentive policies; Guide the provision of public consultation, publish transaction price index, and help patent owners to set reasonable prices; Build supply and demand database by field and organize docking activities; Optimize settlement, authentication, insurance and other supporting services to ensure transaction security; Explore the way of trial before payment, strengthen the guidance of industrialization after licensing, take multiple measures to promote the pilot work, and achieve good results, so far has facilitated a total of 643 licensing projects. thank you.

Hong Kong Bauhinia magazine reporter

Enterprises are the main body of manufacturing innovation. In recent years, what has the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology done to build the intellectual property capacity of enterprises? With what results?

Ren Aiguang

Thank you for your question. In recent years, we take the high-quality development of manufacturing industry as the main line, improve the innovation ability as the fundamental, continue to improve the policy environment, stimulate the innovation vitality of enterprises, and consolidate and strengthen the ability of enterprises, especially smes, to create, use, protect and manage intellectual property rights. First, we worked with the State Intellectual Property Office to carry out the SME intellectual property Strategy promotion project, and identified 20 pilot cities for the SME intellectual property strategy promotion project, and achieved positive results. The second is to give priority to supporting enterprises that are included in the cultivation database of enterprises with intellectual property advantages, of which, as of December 2021, 3,307 are identified as provincial specialized small and medium-sized enterprises, and 1,253 are identified as specialized and special new "small giant" enterprises. The third is to continue to promote the pilot work of the application of intellectual property rights in industrial enterprises, and cultivate a total of more than 2,800 pilot enterprises, including 189 manufacturing individual champion enterprises. According to statistics, in the past three years, the total income from the transfer of intellectual property rights of pilot enterprises reached 57.315 billion yuan, with an average growth rate of about 15%, the total amount of intellectual property pledge financing was 13.133 billion yuan, the total amount of intellectual property investment was about 2.832 billion yuan, and the proportion of enterprises establishing intellectual property management system was 95.2%. The fourth is to use intellectual property rights as an important force to consolidate the industrial technology foundation. A series of activities such as the "Manufacturing Intellectual Property Class" has been carried out, covering an average of more than 2,000 people every year, and a total of 125 industrial technology basic public service platforms have been selected to provide enterprises with basic technology services such as intellectual property and information consulting. Fifth, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and other international organizations on small and medium-sized enterprises.

In the next step, we will work with the State Intellectual Property Office to formulate a manufacturing intellectual property action plan for the period of the 14th Five-Year Plan, further highlight the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, strengthen the synergy between industrial technology research and intellectual property rights, promote the supply of high-quality intellectual property rights in key areas, guide the coordinated development of industrial intellectual property rights, and enhance the awareness and management level of enterprises in intellectual property rights. We will optimize the environment for intellectual property protection in the manufacturing industry and further promote exchanges and cooperation with international organizations such as the World Intellectual Property Organization. thank you.

Reporter for China Daily

In recent years, the degree of active circulation of intellectual property rights in China has increased significantly, and the transformation of patents in universities and institutes has increased rapidly. What reforms and explorations has the Ministry of Education done to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements such as patents?

Lei Zhaozi

Thank you for your question. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the focus and difficulty of scientific and technological innovation in recent years. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements such as patents is of great significance to economic and social development. There are two key factors to determine the transformation effect of scientific and technological achievements, the first is the quality of scientific and technological achievements itself, which is the internal cause; The second is policy incentives, which are external causes. In recent years, the Ministry of Education, combined with the actual situation of colleges and universities, focuses on the two major factors of "improving the quality of results" and "strengthening policy incentives" to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities into real productivity.

The first is to improve the quality of achievements and strengthen the source supply of scientific and technological achievements. The "quality" mentioned here does not mean that the paper affects the size of the factor, but refers to whether the results meet the actual needs of industry and enterprise production. To improve the quality of results, on the one hand, we must study the real problem. It is necessary to take the market demand as the guidance, condense scientific research topics from the needs of enterprises, and solve the practical problems of enterprise production. On the other hand, really study the problem. It is necessary to focus on the practical problems that enterprises need to solve, and carry out scientific research in a down-to-earth manner, and cannot be opportunistic or even fraudulent.

In recent years, the Ministry of Education has vigorously promoted the "change of learning style and improve quality" campaign, guiding colleges and universities to truly achieve basic research to truly discover, technological innovation to truly solve problems, and the transformation of results to really have effects. In particular, in view of the low quality and low conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements such as university patents, in 2020, the Ministry of Education jointly with the State Intellectual Property Office and the Ministry of Science and Technology issued Several Opinions on Improving the Quality of Patents in Universities and Colleges and Promoting Transformation and Application, and launched a series of practical and hard measures. The first is to implement the patent pre-application evaluation system. In the past, regardless of whether a technology was necessary to apply for patent protection, as long as the inventor filed a patent application, universities would assist in patent application according to the existing procedures, resulting in many patents that were not applied for to protect innovation. The implementation of the patent pre-application evaluation system is to determine whether patents should be applied through evaluation, so as to retain high-quality and promising patents. Second, take the lead in adjusting the subsidy and incentive policy. Stop the financial incentive for patent applications, significantly reduce and gradually eliminate the incentive for patent licensing, at the same time, encourage inventors and universities to share the patent costs, for inventors to bear the patent costs, can take the form of double return from the results of the conversion of income, increase incentives. This is mainly to strengthen the sense of responsibility and endogenous motivation of inventors, improve the quality of patents, and jointly promote the transformation of results.

The second is to increase policy incentives and adopt a variety of transformation methods to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The first is to guide universities to strictly implement the requirements of the Law on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, increase rewards for the transformation of achievements, and stimulate the enthusiasm of researchers. At present, universities generally increase the reward ratio to 70%, and some universities reward ratio to more than 90%. The second is to advocate universities to implement patent conversion through general license rather than exclusive license. Exclusive license relatively high licensing fees, for the enterprise capital pressure is greater, greater risk, enterprise decision-making process is more cautious. At the same time, the achievement is implemented by an enterprise alone, may be affected by the enterprise's own management, operation and other factors, the risk of failure is high, once the failure, the scientific and technological achievements may miss the best time to put on the market. The general license not only reduces the implementation cost of enterprises, but also reduces the risk of failure in the transformation of results. The third is to encourage the calculation of the license fee with the basic license fee plus commission to replace the one-time payment of the license fee, eliminate the concerns caused by the excessive license fee of enterprises, and at the same time, it can also enable university researchers to obtain the benefits brought by the transformation of results in the long term.

These are some of the reforms and explorations made by the Ministry of Education. thank you.

Economic Information Daily reporter

China's intellectual property pledge financing has maintained a growth rate of more than 40% for two consecutive years, and the financing scale has been expanding. May I ask: What innovative measures have the CBRC and banking financial institutions taken to optimize and enhance the service mechanism and service capacity of intellectual property pledge financing?

Li Hanyang

Thank you for your question. In recent years, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has resolutely implemented the work deployment of the Party Central Committee and The State Council on "expanding intellectual property pledge financing", continued to deepen and refine innovative measures, and guided banking institutions to improve the quality and expand the scope of intellectual property pledge financing.

First, let policies play a leading role in innovation. Since 2021, the CBRC, together with the State Intellectual Property Office, has piloted online bank agents in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Sichuan, Qingdao, Shenzhen and other places to submit patent pledge registration materials and conduct pledge status inquiries, which has greatly optimized the handling efficiency of intellectual property pledge financing and significantly improved customer satisfaction and sense of gain. The CBRC, together with the State Intellectual Property Office and the Development and Reform Commission, also promoted the work of intellectual property pledge financing into the park to benefit enterprises, and guided relevant localities to organize more than 1,000 bank-enterprise docking activities relying on industrial parks, with a total of nearly 30,000 enterprises participating.

Second, the bank actively carries out multi-dimensional innovation. The CBRC encourages banking financial institutions to promote the development of intellectual property pledge financing business by optimizing internal assessment standards, implementing due diligence exemption, differentiated interest rate pricing and the establishment of franchised institutions. The relevant institutions have strengthened the capacity building of comprehensive evaluation by establishing a database of external evaluation institutions and innovating internal evaluation methods, so as to enhance the ability to identify the value and role of intellectual property rights. Some banks took the initiative to strengthen docking and cooperation with competent government departments, signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with competent intellectual property authorities, and jointly established an "intellectual property financing innovation laboratory". In addition, in order to serve "specialized and special new" small and micro enterprises, some banks have carried out fine and personalized innovation, specially designed products integrating patent evaluation, financing, technology transfer, and transaction disposal, and assisted small and micro enterprises to improve the benefits of research and development, financing, technology transactions and other links.

Third, proactively explore new business areas. In recent years, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has actively guided banks to actively expand new types of intellectual property pledge financing, explore the development of integrated circuit layout design exclusive right pledge loan business, and provide support for the development of strategic emerging industries such as chip design and manufacturing. Our relevant agencies will also work with relevant departments to establish a plant new variety right evaluation system and a plant new variety right pledge risk prevention and control system, and guide banks to innovate intellectual property special credit products in the seed industry.

In the next step, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission will strengthen cooperation with the State Intellectual Property Office and other departments, conduct in-depth research and demonstration, fully release policy dividends, and guide banking financial institutions to introduce more and more practical innovative measures. thank you.

China Intellectual Property News

I have just introduced the remarkable achievements made in promoting the use of intellectual property rights in recent years. We know that the intellectual property service industry is an important guarantee for the effective operation of the intellectual property system. What role does the intellectual property service industry play in supporting and promoting the application of intellectual property rights?

Lei Xiaoyun

Thank you for your question. In recent years, the application forms of intellectual property in China have been continuously enriched, the application activities have become increasingly active, and the application benefits have accelerated. The rapid development of the application of intellectual property rights has effectively stimulated the development momentum of the intellectual property service industry from the demand side and strongly promoted the supply-side structural reform of the intellectual property service industry. At the same time, the rapid and vigorous development of intellectual property service industry has organically integrated into all aspects of intellectual property application, providing strong support and effective promotion for intellectual property application.

First, the growing scale of service supply has strongly promoted the ecological formation of intellectual property application. At present, there are more than 73,000 intellectual property service institutions in China, employing more than 865,000 people, and their annual revenue exceeds 225 billion yuan, an increase of 97.3%, 95.7% and 125% over the beginning of the 13th Five-Year Plan period respectively. The continuous increase in the number of intellectual property service institutions, the continuous enrichment of business forms and the continuous expansion of scale have provided very important support for the rapid development of intellectual property application and the accelerated formation of ecology.

Second, the continuous optimization of the service supply structure has effectively promoted the opening up of the application of intellectual property rights. Intellectual property agency services have enhanced the front-end foundation of the application of intellectual property rights, legal services have safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of the application of intellectual property rights, operational services have enriched the transformation channels of the application of intellectual property rights, and information and consulting services have promoted the scientific management of the application of intellectual property rights. The continuous optimization of the supply structure of intellectual property services has effectively supported the efficient operation of all aspects of intellectual property application.

Third, the continuous improvement of the quality of service supply has effectively promoted the efficiency of the application of intellectual property rights. The degree of recognition of intellectual property service quality by innovation subjects and market subjects is increasing year by year. The agency rate for invention patents reached 83.6%, and the agency rate for trademark registration applications reached 93.5%. High-end, professional, and international IP service agencies are emerging, and the competence and quality of IP service employees are constantly improving. The extensive application of artificial intelligence, big data and other information technologies has improved the efficiency and quality of IP services, and provided quality support for the efficient use of IP.

In recent years, in order to promote the healthy development of the intellectual property service industry, the State Intellectual Property Office has continued to deepen the reform of "decentralization service", carried out in-depth "blue sky" special rectification actions, constantly promoted the construction of the legal system and long-term mechanism, and actively created a good environment for the development of the intellectual property service industry. In the next step, we will promptly formulate and issue policy documents to promote the high-quality development of the intellectual property service industry, continue to optimize the service supply structure, improve the service quality level, and accelerate the formation of professional, market-oriented, international and high-quality development of intellectual property services, so as to provide more powerful support for the construction of a market system for the efficient use of intellectual property. thank you.

Heng Fu Guang

Due to time, today's press conference is over. Thank you for attending the press conference, and thank you to friends from the media. This is the end of the conference.

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